|
|
|
 |
 |
 |
 |
|
 |
Related topics
- Management by Objectives (MBO)
- Mission and Vision Statements
- Pay-for-Performance
- Strategic Balance Sheet
Description
A Balanced Scorecard defines what management means by "performance" and measures whether management is achieving desired results. The Balanced Scorecard translates Mission and Vision Statements into a comprehensive set of objectives and performance measures that can be quantified and
appraised. These measures typically include the following categories of performance:
- Financial performance (revenues, earnings, return on capital, cash flow);
- Customer value performance (market share, customer satisfaction measures, customer loyalty);
- Internal business process performance (productivity rates, quality measures, timeliness);
- Innovation performance (percent of revenue from new products, employee suggestions, rate of improvement index);
- Employee performance (morale, knowledge, turnover, use of best demonstrated practices).
Methodology
To construct and implement a Balanced Scorecard, managers should:
- Articulate the business's vision and strategy;
- Identify the performance categories that best link the business's vision and strategy to its results (e.g., financial performance, operations, innovation, employee performance);
- Establish objectives that support the business's vision and strategy;
- Develop effective measures and meaningful standards, establishing both short-term milestones and long-term targets;
- Ensure companywide acceptance of the measures;
- Create appropriate budgeting, tracking, communication, and reward systems;
- Collect and analyze performance data and compare actual results with desired performance;
- Take action to close unfavorable gaps.
Common uses
A Balanced Scorecard is used to:
- Clarify or update a business's strategy;
- Link strategic objectives to long-term targets and annual budgets;
- Track the key elements of the business strategy;
- Incorporate strategic objectives into resource allocation processes;
- Facilitate organizational change;
- Compare performance of geographically diverse business units;
- Increase companywide understanding of the corporate vision and strategy.
Related Bain capabilities
|
|
Selected references Epstein, Marc, and Jean-François Manzoni.
"Implementing Corporate Strategy: From Tableaux de Bord to
Balanced Scorecards." European Management Journal
, April 1998,
pp. 190-203.
"Harvard Business Review Balanced
Scorecard Report." Harvard Business Review, 2002 to present (bimonthly).
Kaplan, Robert S., and David P. Norton.
Alignment: Using the Balanced Scorecard to Create
Corporate Synergies. Harvard Business School Press, 2006.
Kaplan,
Robert S., and David P. Norton. "The Balanced Scorecard:
Measures That Drive Performance." Harvard Business
Review, July 2005, pp. 71-79.
Kaplan, Robert
S., and David P. Norton. The Strategy-Focused
Organization: How Balanced Scorecard Companies Thrive in the
New Business Environment. Harvard Business School Press, 2000.
Kaplan, Robert S., and David P. Norton.
Strategy Maps: Converting Intangible Assets into Tangible
Outcomes. Harvard Business School Press, 2004.
Niven, Paul R.
Balanced Scorecard Diagnostics: Maintaining Maximum
Performance. John Wiley & Sons, 2005.
Niven, Paul R.
Balanced Scorecard Step-by-Step: Maximizing Performance
and Maintaining Results, 2d ed. John Wiley & Sons,
2006.
|
 |
|